In its original meaning, kung fu can refer to any skill. Gōngfu (功夫) is a compound of two words, combining 功 (gōng) meaning "achievement" or "merit", and 夫 (fū) which translates into "man", so that a literal rendering would be "human achievement". Its connotation is that of an accomplishment arrived at by great effort. According to Shaolin Monk Shi Yan Ming, Gongfu also means “from early morning to late evening, sharpen your blade".[3]
Hypothetically, any unarmed combat system could accurately be called "karate" since the Japanese phrase literally means "empty hand."